Multiplex Assay Kit for Glutamine synthetase (GS) ,etc. by FLIA (Flow Luminescence Immunoassay)

GLNS; GLUL; Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase; Glutamate decarboxylase

(Note: Up to 8-plex in one testing reaction)

Specificity

This assay has high sensitivity and excellent specificity for detection of Glutamine synthetase (GS) ,etc. by FLIA (Flow Luminescence Immunoassay).
No significant cross-reactivity or interference between Glutamine synthetase (GS) ,etc. by FLIA (Flow Luminescence Immunoassay) and analogues was observed.

Recovery

Matrices listed below were spiked with certain level of recombinant Glutamine synthetase (GS) ,etc. by FLIA (Flow Luminescence Immunoassay) and the recovery rates were calculated by comparing the measured value to the expected amount of Glutamine synthetase (GS) ,etc. by FLIA (Flow Luminescence Immunoassay) in samples.

Matrix Recovery range (%) Average(%)
serum(n=5) 88-101 94
EDTA plasma(n=5) 81-97 92
heparin plasma(n=5) 99-105 102
sodium citrate plasma(n=5) 88-101 96

Precision

Intra-assay Precision (Precision within an assay): 3 samples with low, middle and high level Glutamine synthetase (GS) ,etc. by FLIA (Flow Luminescence Immunoassay) were tested 20 times on one plate, respectively.
Inter-assay Precision (Precision between assays): 3 samples with low, middle and high level Glutamine synthetase (GS) ,etc. by FLIA (Flow Luminescence Immunoassay) were tested on 3 different plates, 8 replicates in each plate.
CV(%) = SD/meanX100
Intra-Assay: CV<10%
Inter-Assay: CV<12%

Linearity

The linearity of the kit was assayed by testing samples spiked with appropriate concentration of Glutamine synthetase (GS) ,etc. by FLIA (Flow Luminescence Immunoassay) and their serial dilutions. The results were demonstrated by the percentage of calculated concentration to the expected.

Sample 1:2 1:4 1:8 1:16
serum(n=5) 90-104% 79-95% 83-104% 95-104%
EDTA plasma(n=5) 86-97% 92-101% 98-105% 93-101%
heparin plasma(n=5) 93-101% 94-103% 78-103% 80-89%
sodium citrate plasma(n=5) 79-99% 79-101% 92-105% 94-102%

Stability

The stability of kit is determined by the loss rate of activity. The loss rate of this kit is less than 5% within the expiration date under appropriate storage condition.
To minimize extra influence on the performance, operation procedures and lab conditions, especially room temperature, air humidity, incubator temperature should be strictly controlled. It is also strongly suggested that the whole assay is performed by the same operator from the beginning to the end.

Reagents and materials provided

Reagents Quantity Reagents Quantity
96-well plate 1 Plate sealer for 96 wells 4
Pre-Mixed Standard 2 Standard Diluent 1×20mL
Pre-Mixed Magnetic beads (22#:GS) 1 Analysis buffer 1×20mL
Pre-Mixed Detection Reagent A 1×120μL Assay Diluent A 1×12mL
Detection Reagent B (PE-SA) 1×120μL Assay Diluent B 1×12mL
Sheath Fluid 1×10mL Wash Buffer (30 × concentrate) 1×20mL
Instruction manual 1

Assay procedure summary

1. Preparation of standards, reagents and samples before the experiment;
2. Add 100μL standard or sample to each well,
    add 10μL magnetic beads, and incubate 90min at 37°C on shaker;
3. Remove liquid on magnetic frame, add 100μL prepared Detection Reagent A. Incubate 60min at 37°C on shaker;
4. Wash plate on magnetic frame for three times;
5. Add 100μL prepared Detection Reagent B, and incubate 30 min at 37°C on shaker;
6. Wash plate on magnetic frame for three times;
7. Add 100μL sheath solution, swirl for 2 minutes, read on the machine.

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Magazine Citations
The FASEB Journal Cargo proteins of plasma astrocyte-derived exosomes in Alzheimer’s disease pubmed:27511944
Annals of Neurology  High complement levels in astrocyte‐derived exosomes of Alzheimer disease Pubmed:29406582
Journal of Neuroscience Sex differences in the glutamate signaling pathway in juvenile rats Pubmed:28861894
FASEB Journal Deficient neurotrophic factors of CSPG4-type neural cell exosomes in Alzheimer disease Pubmed:29924942
Hepatology Research Glutamine synthetase promotes tumor invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma through mediating epithelial–mesenchymal transition Pubmed: 31652385
FASEB JOURNAL Traumatic brain injury increases plasma astrocyte‐derived exosome levels of neurotoxic complement proteins Pubmed: 31916313
Translational Psychiatry Decreased mitochondrial electron transport proteins and increased complement mediators in plasma neural-derived exosomes of early psychosis Pubmed: 33106473
Drug Repurposing of Asparaginase and Vitamin C Targeting Glutamine Synthetase Improves Anticancer Effect in Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate …
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