HFLS-RA (Human Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes from Rheumatoid Arthritis) cells are primary cells isolated from the synovial tissue of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. These cells play a critical role in RA pathogenesis by contributing to synovial hyperplasia, cartilage destruction, and joint inflammation. Unlike normal synoviocytes, HFLS-RA cells exhibit an aggressive, tumor-like phenotype characterized by uncontrolled proliferation, resistance to apoptosis, and increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-6, TNF-α) and matrix-degrading enzymes (e.g., MMPs).
