Under normal circumstances, moderate pyroptosis helps to clear infected cells in time, but excessive activation of pyroptosis can lead to massive cell death, serious tissue damage and organ failure, which is related to the pathogenesis of some diseases. Nowadays, due to the increasing incidence of liver disease, it has become a serious health problem in the world. Some of them progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which is a serious threat to human life. Studies have shown that pyroptosis is one of the causes of liver disease development. Due to the presence of gut-liver axis in the body, when the gut microbiota is imbalanced, the gut microbiota can enter the liver.......2024-07-22

Sleep is a natural and reversible state, mainly controlled by neurobiological processes, and is an essential physiological part of human life to maintain health. Sleep has a multifaceted impact on the body, reducing energy expenditure, increasing the recovery of energy stores in the brain, regulating adaptive and innate immune responses, and helping to consolidate memories. Sleep quality is affected by many factors, such as diet, physical activity, genetic and environmental factors. Sleep disorder is a very common disease, which disturbs the normal circadian rhythm and has a negative impact on mental and physical health.Sleep disorders are associated with the occurrence and development......2024-04-09

Anxiety is one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders. Cumulative evidence suggests that increased inflammation is an important pathway for stress-induced anxiety disorders. Microglia, the principal immune cells in the brain, play a central role in neuroinflammation, immune surveillance, and maintenance of brain homeostasis. Anti-inflammatory cytokines intervention or anti-inflammatory drug treatment improves anxiety-like behavior in rodents. Thus, anti-inflammatory therapy targeting microglia may be one of the effective treatment strategies for anxiety disorder clinically.Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA) is a well-known transmembrane protein composed of α, β, and γ subunits, and plays an i......2024-04-09

Kidney stones are mineral deposits in the renal calyces and pelvis that are found free or attached to the renal papillae. Stone formation is highly prevalent, with a high incidence worldwide and increasing year by year.And a recurrence rate of up to 50% within the first 5 years of the initial stone episode. Obesity, diabetes, hypertension and metabolic syndrome are considered risk factors for stone formation, which, in turn, can lead to hypertension, chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease.Management of symptomatic kidney stones has evolved from open surgical lithotomy to minimally invasive endourological treatments leading to a reduction in patient morbidity, improved stone......2024-03-11

Cancer immunotherapy has been successfully used in many types of cancer, including colorectal cancer (CRC), one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. However, current immunotherapy strategies based on targeting PD1/PDL1 are mostly effective in less than 30 percent of CRC patients. Therefore, improving the effectiveness and developing more useful or alternative strategies are crucial for the treatment of CRC patients. Platelets/megakaryocytes (MKs) are the key components in blood system functionally associated with hemostasis and thrombosis. Platelets are also considered as immune ‘‘cells,’’ which may recruit and activate immune cells to initiate immune response. Neve......2024-03-01

Liver fibrosis is the convergent point of various liver diseases, such as alcohol consumption, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), viral hepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis, and cholestatic liver disease.The common effect of all of these factors on the liver is the generation of a chronic inflammation resulting in an abnormal wound healing response. The generation of a fibrotic response in the liver gives rise to the accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) components, leading to fibrous scar formation. The architecture of the liver is disrupted by the presence of a fibrous scar, which causes hepatocyte loss and the deregulation of the normal functioning of the liver, ultimately result......2024-02-26